Kitsune Glossary
Feb. 6th, 2014 05:13 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
yakanAccording to what Gon says in the 74th chapter of Hoozuki no Reitetsu:
Yakan is another name for foxes in Japan. The original form can be from an Buddist scripture from Ancient China as the “fox-like beast” and “The jackal from Hindu scripture” is also being widely accepted. Whether they are real or not, nobody knows.
Inari Ōkami and Dakiniten is also known to have kitsune associated with them. Inari Ōkami is the Shinto god of foxes, of fertility, rice, tea and Sake, of agriculture and industry, of general prosperity and worldly success. Inari’s kitsune are are white. They possess the power to ward off evil, and they sometimes serve as guardian spirits, which is probably why you see two of her foxes sitting on the side of the entrance to Inari’s shrine. Dakiniten is also seen riding a white fox in Japanese beliefs. Which is why these two gods are often seen as the same individual in Japan.
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Otherwise:
Bakemono-Kitsune – a name for a sorcerer or evil fox usually as a Reiko, Kiko or Koryo i.e. some sort of non-physical fox
Genko – black fox, usually seen as a good omen
Kiko – spirit fox, see Reiko
Kitsune – fox, a general term for a fox regardless of the circumstance normally used for ‘good’ and ‘evil’ foxes alike
Koryo – haunting fox, see Reiko
Kuko – air fox, very bad kitsune, considered on the same level as Tengu (Japanese goblins)
Nogitsune – wild fox, used at one time to differ between good and bad foxes. At the time they used ‘kitsune’ to mean a good fox/messenger from Inari and nogitsune as all foxes who did mischief and tricked people. Not really considered evil, more like prankish.
Reiko – ghost fox, perhaps not on the ‘evil’ side but definitely a ‘bad’ fox.
Shakko – red fox, could be considered good or €vil, the same as Kitsune really
Tenko – celestial fox, kitsune which have reached the age of 1,000 years, they are usually said to have 9 tails (and sometimes are said to have golden fur) but they are either considered very €vil such as Tamamo-no-mae or benevolent and wise such as messengers to Inari
Yako/Yakan – fox, see Kitsune
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Fox Names And Grades
A study of Japanese literary and historical records will reveal a great variety of fox names and rank. Under many different terms the fox was venerated and held in awe. The Following are some of them:
Kitsune(狐) The Ordinary name for "fox".
Byakko(百狐) "White Fox"; the tutelary diety of Inari.
Genko(黒狐) "Black Fox", whose appearance like the "White Fox" is a good omen.
Shakko(赤狐) "Red Fox"; also a beast of good omen.
Kwanko "Pipe Fox", also pronounced "Kuda-gitsune; a small animal which can be put in a pipe which is held in the hand, and thus used by "Yamabushi" in sorcery.
Kuko(空狐) "Air Fox"; said to be the same as "Tengu" (goblin) and exceedingly malevolent.
Jinko(人狐) "Man Fox". Foxes sometimes assume the shape of men; and men at times have been known to take the form of a fox.
Reiko "Supernatural Fox"; a powerful demon, exceedingly clever at bewitching men.
Tenko(天狐) "Celestial Fox"; who flies like a bird and may be a "Tengu".
Koryo "Haunting Fox"; who delights in bewitching men.
Yakan "Field Shield"; the most harmful and haunting of all foxes.
Kiko Myojin "The Venerable Fox Brilliant God"; Messenger of Inari, and a fox of the highest grade.
Choko "Fox Chief", also pronounced "Osa-gitsune"; King of all foxes in Japan, and descendant of "Kiko Myojin".
Kyubi-no-kitsune(九尾の狐) "Nine-tailed Fox"; a beast of good omen.
Osaki-gitsune "Osaki-fox"; a small beast, the same as "Kwanko" and used in sorcery by "Yamabushi".
Myobu "Court Lady"; a fox worshipped on Mt. Inari.
Tome "Old Woman"; a fox worshipped on Mt. Inari.
Toka "Rice Carrying", also read "Inari"; the original diety of the mountain, a fox.
Kotai "Fox Regiment"; groups of foxes who sometimes appear as regiments of soldiers.
Yako(野狐) "Field Fox"; the lowest grade of fox.
Yorikata "Assistants"; a grade higher than "Field Fox".
Shuryo "Chief"; highest rank of fox.
The above multiplicity of names and ranks is indicative of the strong hold fox worship has had and still has upon the people. If properly propitiated the foxes of Mt. Inari will, it is believed, bring wealth and happiness to the worshipper. The common man must exercise great care not to offend any of the powerful fox dieties, else he will dearly pay for it.
----source
Yakan is another name for foxes in Japan. The original form can be from an Buddist scripture from Ancient China as the “fox-like beast” and “The jackal from Hindu scripture” is also being widely accepted. Whether they are real or not, nobody knows.
Inari Ōkami and Dakiniten is also known to have kitsune associated with them. Inari Ōkami is the Shinto god of foxes, of fertility, rice, tea and Sake, of agriculture and industry, of general prosperity and worldly success. Inari’s kitsune are are white. They possess the power to ward off evil, and they sometimes serve as guardian spirits, which is probably why you see two of her foxes sitting on the side of the entrance to Inari’s shrine. Dakiniten is also seen riding a white fox in Japanese beliefs. Which is why these two gods are often seen as the same individual in Japan.
---source
---------
Otherwise:
Bakemono-Kitsune – a name for a sorcerer or evil fox usually as a Reiko, Kiko or Koryo i.e. some sort of non-physical fox
Genko – black fox, usually seen as a good omen
Kiko – spirit fox, see Reiko
Kitsune – fox, a general term for a fox regardless of the circumstance normally used for ‘good’ and ‘evil’ foxes alike
Koryo – haunting fox, see Reiko
Kuko – air fox, very bad kitsune, considered on the same level as Tengu (Japanese goblins)
Nogitsune – wild fox, used at one time to differ between good and bad foxes. At the time they used ‘kitsune’ to mean a good fox/messenger from Inari and nogitsune as all foxes who did mischief and tricked people. Not really considered evil, more like prankish.
Reiko – ghost fox, perhaps not on the ‘evil’ side but definitely a ‘bad’ fox.
Shakko – red fox, could be considered good or €vil, the same as Kitsune really
Tenko – celestial fox, kitsune which have reached the age of 1,000 years, they are usually said to have 9 tails (and sometimes are said to have golden fur) but they are either considered very €vil such as Tamamo-no-mae or benevolent and wise such as messengers to Inari
Yako/Yakan – fox, see Kitsune
----source
----------
OR
-----------
Fox Names And Grades
A study of Japanese literary and historical records will reveal a great variety of fox names and rank. Under many different terms the fox was venerated and held in awe. The Following are some of them:
Kitsune(狐) The Ordinary name for "fox".
Byakko(百狐) "White Fox"; the tutelary diety of Inari.
Genko(黒狐) "Black Fox", whose appearance like the "White Fox" is a good omen.
Shakko(赤狐) "Red Fox"; also a beast of good omen.
Kwanko "Pipe Fox", also pronounced "Kuda-gitsune; a small animal which can be put in a pipe which is held in the hand, and thus used by "Yamabushi" in sorcery.
Kuko(空狐) "Air Fox"; said to be the same as "Tengu" (goblin) and exceedingly malevolent.
Jinko(人狐) "Man Fox". Foxes sometimes assume the shape of men; and men at times have been known to take the form of a fox.
Reiko "Supernatural Fox"; a powerful demon, exceedingly clever at bewitching men.
Tenko(天狐) "Celestial Fox"; who flies like a bird and may be a "Tengu".
Koryo "Haunting Fox"; who delights in bewitching men.
Yakan "Field Shield"; the most harmful and haunting of all foxes.
Kiko Myojin "The Venerable Fox Brilliant God"; Messenger of Inari, and a fox of the highest grade.
Choko "Fox Chief", also pronounced "Osa-gitsune"; King of all foxes in Japan, and descendant of "Kiko Myojin".
Kyubi-no-kitsune(九尾の狐) "Nine-tailed Fox"; a beast of good omen.
Osaki-gitsune "Osaki-fox"; a small beast, the same as "Kwanko" and used in sorcery by "Yamabushi".
Myobu "Court Lady"; a fox worshipped on Mt. Inari.
Tome "Old Woman"; a fox worshipped on Mt. Inari.
Toka "Rice Carrying", also read "Inari"; the original diety of the mountain, a fox.
Kotai "Fox Regiment"; groups of foxes who sometimes appear as regiments of soldiers.
Yako(野狐) "Field Fox"; the lowest grade of fox.
Yorikata "Assistants"; a grade higher than "Field Fox".
Shuryo "Chief"; highest rank of fox.
The above multiplicity of names and ranks is indicative of the strong hold fox worship has had and still has upon the people. If properly propitiated the foxes of Mt. Inari will, it is believed, bring wealth and happiness to the worshipper. The common man must exercise great care not to offend any of the powerful fox dieties, else he will dearly pay for it.
----source
no subject
Date: 2015-07-01 09:30 am (UTC)In olden times in Japan it was said to be a wild fox.
http://shofu.pref.ishikawa.jp/shofu/geinou_e/nougaku/4e/nougaku4-c_e.html
no subject
Date: 2015-07-01 09:31 am (UTC)no subject
Date: 2015-07-01 01:04 pm (UTC)Daikiniten: http://stellenciapatherica.tumblr.com/post/90666712497/who-is-the-woman-caled-dakiniten-in-the-cover-of